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塑料污染是对海洋生物的主要威胁。在过去的几十年里，这个问题已达到令人震惊的程度。尽管已经认识到问题的严重性，但最近的研究报告称，塑料污染的程度有所增加。 澳大利亚受到严重的塑料污染袭击。由于塑料污染的增加，这个生物多样性丰富的国家正面临着海洋和禽类野生动物的严重威胁。在这方面，澳大利亚的水体和海岸线尤其受到影响。以下是澳大利亚当地人为控制问题所采取的问题，相关损害赔偿和举措的简要概述：
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塑料攻击下的太平洋！
自从在太平洋北部环流中发现大太平洋垃圾补丁以来，在过去几十年中观察到这种垃圾补丁的大小增加。塑料构成了这个巨大的垃圾补丁的主要部分，它在澳大利亚水域中流通到危险的水平。在最近的报告中，估计太平洋的垃圾补丁在面积方面比法国大。除了在太平洋垃圾地块中发现并逐渐积累塑料废物外，还报告了塑料污染袭击地区在太平洋的东部，南部和西部。
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澳大利亚水域和塑料污染
由于太平洋塑料污染， 澳大利亚水域受到很大影响。据报道，“大垃圾补丁”中的塑料含量增加了16％，这个世界上每个人贡献的塑料碎片多达250个。已经发现吸管，玩具，塑料瓶，塑料袋和许多其他塑料物品都会堆积在这片巨大的垃圾中。一项研究发现，在所有澳大利亚水域中，东海岸线受到塑料污染的严重影响。问题是如此巨大，以至于在澳大利亚水域中观察到的塑料岛仅由塑料，化学和其他碎片组成。
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伟大的垃圾补丁
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废弃的塑料件
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无声杀手
塑料污染对海洋生物的危害比陆地生物更大。 塑料更难以从水体中移除，因为它会在海浪撞击时被压碎成微塑料。波浪在海岸上的连续撞击导致不间断的沉积以及分别带走塑料远离和进入海洋。由于水体很大，不可能完全根除海洋中的塑料。其结果是漂浮和浸没的塑料碎片污染澳大利亚水域，对当地野生动物构成巨大危险。
[/fusion_text][fusion_tabs design=”classic” layout=”horizontal” justified=”yes” backgroundcolor=”#39c1d3″ inactivecolor=”rgba(71,71,71,0)” bordercolor=”rgba(71,71,71,0)” icon=”” icon_position=”” icon_size=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=””][fusion_tab title=”海洋生物” icon=””][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” border_size=”0″ border_color=”” border_style=”solid” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” type=”3_5″][fusion_text]微型弹性网和鬼网占澳大利亚水域80％塑料等待量的一半以上。鲸鱼和其他捕食者等海洋鱼类将这些塑料误认为是小鱼的蛋。当浸没在水中时，聚乙烯袋非常类似于水母。鲸鱼和其他鱼以这些塑料碎片为食感觉这些碎片是真正的食物。最终，塑料卡在他们的肠道，阻塞他们的消化系统，导致他们的死亡。据报道，有几起海洋尸体被澳大利亚沿海线路冲走 – 全部因塑料堵塞了系统而死亡。[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” border_size=”0″ border_color=”” border_style=”solid” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” type=”2_5″][fusion_text]
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澳大利亚鸟类在世界各地都很有名。不幸的是，由于澳大利亚水域的塑料污染，海鸟受到了很大的威胁。海鸟的主要食物来源是从海面捕获的海鱼。鸟类很容易将塑料废物误认为是鱼类，并且因消化系统和呼吸系统阻塞导致死亡缓慢。渔网和幽灵网可以捕获鸟类 – 完全阻挡它们的飞行能力。这些鸟既不能喂养自己也不能飞到更安全的地方。由于塑料污染，许多鸟类在澳大利亚因死亡而死亡。
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两栖动物，爬行动物，昆虫和其他沿海物种受到塑料污染的影响很大。吸管经常阻塞海龟和其他鱼类的气道。锡罐被卡在螃蟹和其他甲壳类动物身上。可以看到珊瑚生长在塑料瓶上而不是它们的自然栖息地。简而言之，塑料污染使澳大利亚水域变得一团糟。
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澳大利亚采取保护措施
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澳大利亚政府已经大大意识到塑料污染的严重性。除新南威尔士州外，澳大利亚各州已实施或承诺禁止使用塑料袋。为了更换这些袋子，已经引入了可以重复使用和回收的绿色袋子。政府已敦促公众减少使用化学品，塑料袋和瓶子。审查和实施保护政策导致珊瑚礁项目和区域一级的行动。
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许多私营公司在公众提交可回收材料时以现金，礼品卡和折扣券的形式提供金钱奖励。一些海洋保护运动和组织也在行动中。
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澳大利亚公众也认识到改革自己作为一个国家的责任所带来的问题。人们逐渐放弃使用塑料和塑料制品。
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澳大利亚回收公司拯救！
除了提供奖励外，还有数十家回收公司在澳大利亚不仅采取行动防止水污染增加，而且还采取措施保护受影响的野生动物。这些公司提供社区废物管理机会，并开展宣传活动，让人们意识到潜在的危害及其预防。
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国家废物政策
澳大利亚所有领导人在熟悉了水体塑料污染日益受到关注之后，已经签署了国家废物政策。该政策旨在适当地收集，管理，处置和减少所有州的废物。它还旨在促进公众行动的全部责任，并敦促他们减少海洋尸体的乱抛垃圾。
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